Table 1. Stock solutions for tissue culture and transformation of Brachypodium

Phytohormones
 2,4-D (2.5 mg/mL) Dissolve 50 mg 2,4-D (Sigma, D7299) in 20 mL of 95% ethanol, and aliquot and store at −20℃ (up to 6 months)
 Kinetin (0.2 mg/mL) Dissolve 4 mg Kinetin (Duchefa Biochemie, K0905) in few drops of 1 N NaOH and adjust volume to 20 mL with DW, aliquot after 0.2 μm filter-sterilization, and store at −20℃ (up to 6 months)
Antibiotics
 Carbenicillin (100 mg/mL) Dissolve 5 g Carbenicillin disodium (Duchefa Biochemie, C0109) in 50 mL of DW, aliquot after filter-sterilization, and store at −20℃ (up to 6 months)
 Kanamycin (50 mg/mL) Dissolve 2.5 g Kanamycin sulfate (AG Scientific, K-1022) in 50 mL of DW, aliquot after filter-sterilization, and store at −20℃ (up to 6 months)
 Cefotaxime (300 mg/mL) Dissolve 15 g Cefotaxime sodium (Duchefa Biochemie, C0111) in 50 mL of DW, aliquot after filter-sterilization, and store at −20℃ (up to 6 months)
 Hygromycin (40 mg/mL) Dissolve 2 g Hygromycin-B (AG Scientific, H1012) in 50 mL of DW, aliquot after filter-sterilization, and store at −20℃ (up to 6 months)
Other reagents
 CuSO4 (1 mg/mL) Dissolve 50 mg of CuSO4·5H2O (Sigma, C8027) in 50 mL of DW, wrap the tube with aluminum foil, and store at 4℃ in the dark (up to 6 months)
 Acetosyringone (200 mM) Dissolve 0.392 g Acetosyringone (Bioplus Chemicals, 40100297-2) in 10 mL of DMSO, aliquot after filter-sterilization, and store at −20℃ (up to 6 months)